Monitor Forest Fires with FY Serial Satellites

Remote sensing as the measure to monitor disasters has the advantage of temporal resolution and large scale. Since "5.6 catastrophe" in 1987, China began to monitor forest fires broadly. In the summer of 2002, many forest/grass fires occurred in the Daxing'anling Mountains, and the damage was very heavy. In the forest fires fighting, the meteorological satellites play an important role in monitoring the fires. Especially the FY serial meteorological satellites have the advantage of large scale monitoring and characteristics of being in time and exact, and get good results. Remote sensing techniques have been used in many aspects of forest/grass fires research, including burned area and fireline intensity evaluation, post fire environment monitoring etc.     

辽东楤木苗期生物学特性的研究

连续3年对辽东木的形态特征、物候期、生长习性、抗性及适应性等生物学、生态学特性进行了一系列观察。辽东木物候期受海拔影响较大,表现为海拔高度增加,展叶、开花、结果期推迟,落叶期提早。     

Diffusion and the drying of wood

Summary Fick's laws, stating that diffusion rate is proportional to the concentration gradient, have traditionally been used to describe the drying of wood. The author contends that they have been used inappropriately, since according to Fick's laws the rate varies as the concentration gradient of diffusing molecules, whereas many wood scientists use the concentration gradient of non-diffusing molecules —the bound water. When the temperature-dependent component of the diffusion coefficient is combined with the concentration gradient of diffusing molecules, the resulting driving force is proportional to the vapour pressure, and the diffusion coefficient is independent of temperature.     

高节竹梢枯病发生规律及防治试验

在掌握高节竹梢枯病Arenrinium phaeospermurn发生规律的基础上，对10种杀菌剂进行室内药效测定，选出的70％甲基托布津、50％多菌灵、80％402乳剂、40％异稻瘟净、20％粉锈宁等5种杀菌剂对暗孢节菱孢菌有较强的抑菌作用。野外防治试验表明，采用综合治理措施，防治效果可达88．2％。     

Induction of tolerance to desiccation and cryopreservation in silver maple (Acer saccharinum) embryonic axes

Twenty percent of of the world's flowering plants produce recalcitrant seeds (i.e., seeds that cannot withstand drying or freezing). We investigated whether the embryonic axis from the normally recalcitrant seeds of silver maple (Acer saccharinum L.) can be made tolerant to desiccation (10% water content) and low temperature (-196 degrees C, cryopreservation) by pretreatment with ABA or the compound tetcyclacis, which enhances endogenous ABA concentrations. Pretreatment of axes with both ABA and tetcyclacis increased germination after desiccation and freezing to 55% from a control value of zero. Pretreatment of axes with ABA and tetcyclacis increased the ABA content of the axes, as measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay, and stimulated the synthesis of storage and dehydrin-like proteins, believed to have a role in the desiccation tolerance of orthodox seeds.     

肉桂藻斑病的初步研究

肉桂藻斑病是一种在福建省华安县肉桂林中发生十分严重的病害，是由寄生性红锈藻Cephaleuros virescens引起。从3月上旬至10月上旬病原以游动孢子随气流和雨水传播侵染，以孢子囊在病叶上越冬。该病属于单循环病害。在病原侵染初期分别用1％波尔多液、50％托布津和50％多菌灵做防治试验，防治效果分别为66．2％、45，9％和33．8％。     

云南木蠹象的危险性分析

根据云南木蠹象Pissodes yunnanensis的生物学特性，采用有害生物危险性分析(Pest Risk Analysis，简写PRA)方法，从该虫的分布状况、潜在危险性和寄主的经济重要性等方面，对其进行了危险性分析与评估，结果表明：云南木蠹象在我国西南地区属于中度危险的森林有害生物。     

沙棘木蠹蛾幼虫化学防治的研究

针对沙棘木蠹蛾的生物学特性，采用干基喷雾、浇根、排粪孔注药、熏蒸等化学防治方法防治其幼虫，进行了大量野外试验。试验结果表明，在这些防治方法中，只有磷化铝熏蒸可称得上是一种经济、有效、可行的防治方法。夏季日均温在21-25℃时，以每株树1丸(3．2g)的剂量进行根部熏蒸，防治效果可达82．61％，防治成本为191．4元／hm^2。     

森林病虫损害的可持续控制

森林病虫的控制的控制应遵循效益原则,对病虫所造成的森林综合损失实行可持续控制,并自觉将其纳入整个森林事业的可持续发展体系之中,正确认识病虫在森林生态系统中的功能和对人类的利用价值。建立森林综合效益评价标准体系以及一系列适合于森林病虫损害控制的管理体制和技术手段。是效益原则下的森林损失可持续控制的实现途径。     

苹果蠹蛾生物学特性及综合防治

苹果蠹蛾Laspeyresia pomonella(Linne)在甘肃省酒泉地区1年发生1－2代，初孵幼虫开始从果产胴部蛀入，在果皮下为害，再为果心蛀食果肉及种子，经3次脱皮后开始转果为害，造成大量果实被害脱落，根据其生活习性提出了综合防治措施，蛀果率由21．5％下降到1％以下，防治效果达95％。